Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning

• Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Dictionary
• Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Definition
• Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Definitions

Kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder — a disorder that's characterized by problems with emotional or behavioral self-control. If you have an impulse control disorder, you have difficulty resisting the temptation or drive to perform an act that's excessive or harmful to you or someone else. Compulsive gambling is characterized by having the desire to gamble and not being able to resist said desires. The gambling leads to serious personal and social issues in the individual's life. This compulsive behavior usually begins in early adolescence for men and between the ages of 20-40 for women. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, OCD, is an anxiety disorder and is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Repetitive behaviors such as handwashing, counting, checking, or cleaning are often performed with the hope of preventing obsessive thoughts or making them go away.

A personality trait disturbance characterized by an exaggerated sense of responsibility and an excessive need for perfection.The compulsive personality tends to go over and over his work with meticulous care, and has difficulty making up his mind—but once he decides on a course of action, he holds stubbornly to it. He is almost totally incapable of relaxing and usually has an earnest, driven, humorless air. A compulsive officer worker always insists on a clean desk; a compulsive housewife spends her life dusting and picking up. Although some compulsives accomplish a great deal, they usually make unnecessary work for themselves or others, and show little imagination or verve in carrying out their duties. Compulsive individuals may use their excessive drive for perfection as a means of expressing hostility by dominating others and holding them to lofty standards. At the same time they may hold themselves to high standards as a safeguard against aggressive impulses or feelings of guilt which often date back to childhood experiences with overcriti- cal parents. A certain amount of compulsiveness may contribute to strength of character and solid achievement, and the compulsive personality may be well within the range of normality. However, the individual who keeps himself under constant tension and becomes increasingly anxious if he does not achieve his high goals leaves himself vulnerable to neurosis. Not surprisingly, if a psychological disorder does develop, it usually takes the form of obsessive-compulsive neurosis. See OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE REACTION Illustrative Case: COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY. I am incessantly concerned over the fact that I am not going to get done all I want to. I always have several lists, some very extensive, and as I do the task I cross it off. I try to make a concise list of what I plan or want for the week. During the week I will add to it, but I never cross something off as being unnecessary. Even on my day off, I get up early to do something on my list. I only wish there were more than twenty-four hours in a day. (Kisker, 1964)

Compulsive behavior is defined as performing an action persistently and repetitively without it necessarily leading to an actual reward or pleasure.^{[citation needed]} Compulsive behaviors could be an attempt to make obsessions go away.^[1] The act is usually a small, restricted and repetitive behavior, yet not disturbing in a pathological way.^{[citation needed]} Compulsive behaviors are a need to reduce apprehension caused by internal feelings' a person wants to abstain from or control.^[2] A major cause of the compulsive behaviors is said to be obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).^[1][3] 'The main idea of compulsive behavior is that the likely excessive activity is not connected to the purpose to which it appears directed.'^{[citation needed]} Furthermore, there are many different types of compulsive behaviors including shopping, hoarding, eating, gambling, trichotillomania and picking skin, itching, checking, counting, washing, sex, and more. Also, there are cultural examples of compulsive behavior.

Disorders in which it is seen[edit]

Addiction and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) feature compulsive behavior as core features. Addiction is simply a compulsion toward a rewarding stimulus. Whereas in OCD, a compulsion is a facet of the disorder.^[4] The most common compulsions for people suffering from OCD are washing and checking.^[3]

While not all compulsive behaviors are addictions, some such as compulsive sexual behavior have been identified as behavioral addictions.

Occurrence[edit]

About 50 million people in the world today appear to suffer from some type of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Sufferers are often more secretive than other people with psychological problems, so the more serious psychological disorders are diagnosed more often. Many who exhibit compulsive behavior will claim it is not a problem and may endure the condition for years before seeking help.^[5]

Types[edit]

Shopping[edit]

Compulsive shopping is characterized by excessive shopping that causes impairment in a person's life such as financial issues or not being able to commit to a family. The prevalence rate for this compulsive behavior is 5.8% worldwide, and a majority of the people who suffer from this type of behavior are women (approximately 80%). There is no proven treatment for this type of compulsive behavior.^[6]

Hoarding[edit]

Hoarding is characterized by excessive saving of possessions and having problems when throwing these belongings away. Major features of hoarding include not being able to use living quarters in the capacity of which it is meant, having difficulty moving throughout the home due to the massive amount of possessions, as well as having blocked exits that can pose a danger to the hoarder and their family and guests. Items that are typically saved by hoarders include clothes, newspapers, containers, junk mail, books, and craft items. Hoarders believe these items will be useful in the future or they are too sentimental to throw away. Other reasons include fear of losing important documents and information and object characteristics.^[7]

Eating[edit]

Compulsive overeating is the inability to control one's amount of nutritional intake, resulting in excessive weight gain. This overeating is usually a coping mechanism to deal with issues in the individual's life such as stress. Most compulsive over-eaters know that what they are doing is not good for them. The compulsive behavior usually develops in early childhood. People who struggle with compulsive eating usually do not have proper coping skills to deal with the emotional issues that cause their overindulgence in food. They indulge in binges, periods of varying duration in which they eat and/or drink without pause until the compulsion passes or they are unable to consume any more. These binges are usually accompanied by feelings of guilt and shame about using food to avoid emotional stress. This compulsive behavior can have deadly side effects including, but not limited to, binge eating, depression, withdrawal from activities due to weight, and spontaneous dieting. Though this is a very serious compulsive behavior, getting treatment and a proper diet plan can help individuals overcome these behaviors.^[8]

Gambling[edit]

Compulsive gambling is characterized by having the desire to gamble and not being able to resist said desires. The gambling leads to serious personal and social issues in the individual's life. This compulsive behavior usually begins in early adolescence for men and between the ages of 20-40 for women. People who have issues controlling compulsions to gamble usually have an even harder time resisting when they are having a stressful time in life. People who gamble compulsively tend to run into issues with family members, the law, and the places and people they gamble with. The majority of the issues with this compulsive behavior are due to lack of money to continue gambling or pay off debt from previous gambling. Compulsive gambling can be helped with various forms of treatment such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Self-help or Twelve-step programs, and potentially medication.^[9]

Trichotillomania and skin picking[edit]

Trichotillomania is classified as a compulsive picking of hair of the body. It can be from any place on the body that has hair. This picking results in bald spots. Most people who have mild Trichotillomania can overcome it via concentration and more self-awareness.^[10]

Those that suffer from compulsive skin picking have issues with picking, rubbing, digging, or scratching the skin. These activities are usually to get rid of unwanted blemishes or marks on the skin. These compulsions also tend to leave abrasions and irritation on the skin. This can lead to infection or other issues in healing. These acts tend to be prevalent in times of anxiety, boredom, or stress.^[11]

Checking, counting, washing, and repeating[edit]

Compulsive checking can include compulsively checking items such as locks, switches, and appliances. This type of compulsion usually deals with checking whether harm to oneself or others is possible. Usually, most checking behaviors occur due to wanting to keep others and the individual safe.^[12]

People who suffer from compulsive counting tend to have a specific number that is of importance in the situation they are in. When a number is considered significant, the individual has a desire to do the behavior such as wiping one's face off the number of times that is significant. Compulsive counting can include instances of counting things such as steps, items, behaviors, and mental counting.^[13]

Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Dictionary

Compulsive washing is usually found in individuals that have a fear of contamination. People that have compulsive hand washing behaviors wash their hands repeatedly throughout the day. These hand washings can be ritualized and follow a pattern. People that have problems with compulsive hand washing tend to have problems with chapped or red hands due to the excessive amount of washing done each day.^[14]

Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Definition

Compulsive repeating is characterized by doing the same activity multiple times over. These activities can include re-reading a part of a book multiple times, re-writing something multiple times, repeating routine activities, or saying the same phrase over and over.^[15]

Sexual behavior[edit]

This type of compulsive behavior is characterized by feelings, thoughts, and behaviors about anything related to sex. These thoughts have to be pervasive and cause problems in health, occupation, socialization, or other parts of life. These feelings, thoughts, and behaviors can include normal sexual behaviors or behaviors that are considered illegal and/or morally and culturally unacceptable. This disorder is also known as hypersexuality, hypersexual disorder, nymphomania or sexual addiction.^[16] Controversially, some scientists have characterized compulsive sexual behavior as sexual addiction, although no such condition is recognized by mainstream medical diagnostic manuals.^{[citation needed]}

Talking[edit]

Compulsive talking goes beyond the bounds of what is considered to be a socially acceptable amount of talking.^[17] The two main factors in determining if someone is a compulsive talker are talking in a continuous manner, only stopping when the other person starts talking, and others perceiving their talking as a problem. Personality traits that have been positively linked to this compulsion include assertiveness, willingness to communicate, self-perceived communication competence, and neuroticism.^[18] Studies have shown that most people who are talkaholics are aware of the amount of talking they do, are unable to stop, and do not see it as a problem.^[19]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Symptoms, Behavior, and Treatment'. Helpguide.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
2. ^'Addictive Behaviors, Compulsions and Habits'. Umass.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-01-06. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
3. ^ ^ab(1996). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Decade of the Brain. National Institutes of Health.
4. ^'International OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) Foundation - What Is OCD?'. Ocfoundation.org. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
5. ^Toates, Frederick (2002). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Class Publishing. pp. 88–89. ISBN9781859591413.
6. ^Black DW (2013-08-12). 'A review of compulsive buying disorder'. World Psychiatry. 6: 14–8. PMC1805733. PMID17342214.
7. ^'International OCD Foundation (IOCDF) - Hoarding Center'. Ocfoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-05. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
8. ^'Compulsive Eating'. Mirror-mirror.org. 2013-01-24. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
9. ^'Pathological gambling - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health'. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
10. ^'What Is Hair Pulling? About Hair Pulling & Skin Picking Trichotillomania Learning Center'. Trich.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-05. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
11. ^'What Is Skin Picking? About Hair Pulling & Skin Picking Trichotillomania Learning Center'. Trich.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
12. ^'Compulsive Checking in OCD'. OCD Types. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
13. ^'Counting Compulsions'. OCD Types. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
14. ^'Washing and Cleaning Compulsions'. OCD Types. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
15. ^'Repeating'. OCD Types. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
16. ^'Compulsive sexual behavior'. MayoClinic.com. 2011-09-15. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
17. ^Bostrom, Robert N.; Grant Harrington, Nancy (1999). 'An Exploratory Investigation Of Characteristics Of Compulsive Talkers'. Communication Education. 48.1: 73–80. doi:10.1080/03634529909379154.
18. ^McCroskey, James C.; Richmond, Virginia P. (1993). 'Identifying Compulsive Communicators: The Talkaholic Scale'. Communication Research Reports. 10.2: 107–114. doi:10.1080/08824099309359924.
19. ^Walther, Joseph B. (Aug 1999). 'Communication Addiction Disorder: Concern over Media, Behavior and Effects'. Psych Central. Retrieved 21 Oct 2012.

Further reading[edit]

Compulsive Gambling Psychology Meaning Definitions

• Sándor Ferenczi, 'The Compulsion to Symmetrical Touching', Further Contributions to the Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis (1926)
• A. J. Lewis, 'Obsessional Illness', in Inquiries in Psychiatry (1967)
• Rob Long, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (2005)
• Lennard J. Davis, Obsession; A History (2008)

External links[edit]